Small Chip, Big Performance
Our guest speaker this evening was Daryl Davis. Daryl is the
ARRL West Central Florida Section Manager.
The evening’s presentation centered around
micro-controllers; in particular, those in the Picaxe family.
Micro-controllers come in many sizes, mainly in a dual in-line
configuration with the number of legs proportional to the power and capability
of the chip. While this is a complicated subject we can simplify things a bit by making a few observations about all micro-controllers:
- They are powered by either a 3.3 or 5-volt power source.
- These devices are programmable, in the sense that individual pins can be configured as either digital inputs, analog inputs, digital outputs, or pulse with modulated PWM outputs.
Translating this a bit further,
- digital input is the equivalent of a switch. Apply a high voltage to turn the switch on, low, or ground, to turn it off.
- Digital output is equivalent to turning a light on or off, perhaps in response to the voltage on a digital in pin. Pulse width modulation is a way of simulating an analog out. It behaves much the same as a light dimmer.
The
last way pins can be configured is as analog to digital converters, or A to
D converters. Using an A to D converter, a continuously changing voltage can be converted to a series of discreetly
changing numbers, which can then be manipulated further in the software.